What is the difference between graphene batteries and graphene-based batteries?

Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal with a honeycomb lattice composed of carbon atoms closely arranged in a hexagonal shape, that is, a single atomic layer of graphite, with a thickness of only 0.35 nanometers. However, it has several layers of auras such as extremely strong electrical conductivity, ultra-high strength, high toughness, and high thermal conductivity. It is known as bringing a material technology revolution in the fields of semiconductor, photovoltaic, energy storage, aerospace, etc., and is known as 'new The king of materials'. A lot of people are not sure about the distinction between 'graphene battery' and 'graphene-based battery'. What is the difference between the two? Yuan Guohui, a professor in the Department of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, said in some media interviews: 'The concept of graphene batteries does not conform to the industry naming principle, nor is it an industry consensus. From a professional point of view, the naming of batteries generally follows the rule of 'positive electrode-negative electrode active material'. When lithium ion batteries are charged and discharged, the flow reaction is the contribution of the insertion and extraction of lithium ions in the positive and negative electrode materials. Addition of electrodes In the case of graphene materials, the main function of graphene is to improve the conductivity of the electrode. Although it can improve the performance of the battery, the role of graphene is not the active material for the positive and negative electrodes of lithium-ion batteries.' I have not seen a clear definition of this in the academic world. In conjunction with Professor Yuan’s words, referring to the definition of lithium-ion batteries, graphene batteries must be graphene as the main electrode material, and if it is only used as an additive in lithium batteries Ikegami called it a graphene-based lithium battery. Currently, there is no report on the market with graphene as the main positive and negative battery material, which means that graphene batteries have not yet appeared. Because graphene is used as a negative electrode for lithium batteries, the prospects for the industrialization of pure graphene are very similar to those of hard carbon and activated carbon materials with high specific surface area. Both have extremely low first cycle Coulomb efficiency, high charge and discharge platform, and potential lag. The disadvantages of serious and poor cycle stability, these problems are actually the basic electrochemical characteristics of high surface disordered carbon materials. The tapping and compaction density of graphene are very low, and the cost is extremely expensive. There is no possibility of replacing graphite materials directly as the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries. All readers who see 'graphene batteries' in the future should be more vigilant, and they should think that this is mostly hype and gimmick. As for the concept of graphene-based lithium batteries, such reports and articles are worth watching, because if the price of graphene drops, the excellent performance of graphene as conductive additives and electrode composites on lithium batteries still has possibility. Huawei Academia Sinica Watt Laboratory announced the launch of the industry's first high-temperature and long-life graphene-based lithium-ion battery at the 57th Japan Battery Conference. Experimental results show that the new high-temperature resistant technology based on graphene can increase the upper limit of the use temperature of lithium-ion batteries by 10°C, and the service life is twice that of ordinary lithium-ion batteries.